Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a promising class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These exceptionally fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that originate from their fundamental structure and surface chemistry. The tunable size, shape, an

The cathode material plays a fundamental role in the performance of lithium-ion batteries. These materials are responsible for the accumulation of lithium ions during the cycling process. A wide range of substances has been explored for cathode applications, with each offering unique attributes. Some common examples include lithium cobalt oxide (L

Sputtering is a widespread technique utilized in the fabrication of advanced thin films. Titanium (Ti) sputtering, namely, has emerged as a leading method due to its ability to deposit high-quality Ti thin films with accurate thickness and composition. The process involves bombarding a Ti target with energetic ions, ejecting atoms that then deposit